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| Case Study - Philippines Metagora Pilot Project CHAPTER 3: DEVELOPMENT OF THE SURVEY PLAN (SURVEY DESIGN)
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3.4 PRETEST
The primary objective of the pretest was to determine the effectiveness and appropriateness of the translated questionnaire by way of administering it to pre-selected respondents. The NSCB, the lead agency for the pretest, prepared the design of the pretest. The participants included two interviewers and four respondents from each of the three tribes, and resource persons and observers from the central office and respective field offices of the CHRP and NCIP.
The pretest was conducted in La Trinidad, Benguet on 17-18 January 2005. The NCIP was asked to select and coordinate with potential interviewers who might later be hired for the actual data collection; it also selected individuals from the three local tribes to act as sample respondents for the pretest.
The programme of activities for Day One included: a project overview, a briefing on human rights and the IPRA, a brief training for the interviewers on how to conduct an interview and how to use the questionnaire, and a mock/practice interview by the interviewers with the observer-participants. The participant-respondents arrived in the venue on Day Two for the pretest interviews. The Bago and Bugkalot/Ilongots conducted the interviews in the briefing/training venue, while the Kankanaey interviewers went off-site to a nearby village where Kankanaeys reside.
3.5 SAMPLING DESIGN
3.5.1 Coverage
Cost and time constraints, as well as safety concerns, prevented full coverage of all IP communities in the Philippines. The applicable IP population was therefore limited to those IPs who reside in the northern part of the country within three specific ancestral domains, as given below.
In the Philippines, tribes are generally geographically placed within ancestral domains. An ancestral domain is defined as all areas, generally belonging to IPs, and comprising lands, inland waters, coastal areas and natural resources therein, held under a claim of ownership, occupied or possessed by IPs. The criteria for the selection of the ancestral domains for the PhilMetagora pilot survey were that:
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The ancestral domain be occupied by one main tribe (i.e., with a common language and culture), and that this main tribe be considered as the owner of the ancestral domain;
- The main tribes of the ancestral domains, together, be representative of a range of educational levels and exposure to outside cultures;
- The land be accessible; and
- Peace and order should not be a problem.
The main tribes covered in the survey were the Kankanaey tribe, Bago tribe, and Bugkalot/Ilongot tribe. The three ancestral domains cover the provinces, municipalities and barangays in the following regions:
- Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR)
| Name of tribe: | Kankanaey |
| Municipality: | Kibungan |
| Province: | Benguet |
The Kankanaey tribe resides in all seven barangays comprising the municipality of Kibungan, as follows: Badeo, Lubo, Madaymen, Palina, Poblacion, Sagpat, and Tacadang.
- Ilocos Region (Region 1)
| Name of tribe: | Bago |
| Municipality: | Sugpon |
| Province: | Ilocos Sur |
The Bago tribe resides in all six barangays comprising the municipality of Sugpon, as follows: Banga, Caoayan, Licungan, Danac, Pangotan, and Balbalayang. One of the barangays, however, consists mostly of Kankanaey tribe.
- Cagayan Valley (Region 2) and Central Luzon (Region 3)
| Name of tribe: | Bugkalot/Ilongot |
| Provinces: | Quirino and Nueva Vizcaya in Region 2
and Aurora in Region 3 |
The ancestral domain encompasses three provinces and five municipalities, as follows: Nagtipunan in Qurino, Dupax del Norte and Kasibu in Nueva Vizcaya, and Dipaculao and Maria Aurora in Aurora Province.
The following are the barangays where the Bugkalot/Ilongot tribe resides:
Nagtipunan, Quirino: Guino (Giayan), La Conwap, Landingan, Mataddi, Matmad, San Dionisio II, San Pugo, San Ramos, and Wasid (9 barangays)
Dupax del Norte, Nueva Vizcaya: Belance (portion), New Gumiad, Yabbi, and Binnuangan (4 barangays)
Kasibu, Nueva Vizcaya: Biyoy (portion), Dine (portion), Kakiduguen, Muta (portion), Pao, Seguem (portion), Catarawan (portion), and Pacquet (portion) (8 barangays)
Dipaculao, Aurora: portions of Borlongan, Dianed, Diarabasin, Dibutunan, Dimabuno, Ditale, Gupa, Mijares, and Toytoyan (9 barangays)
Maria Aurora, Aurora: portions of Bayanihan, Bassal, Diaat, Dianawan, Galintuja, and Cadayacan (6 barangays)
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